Lewis Bartholomew Woodruff (June 19, 1809 Litchfield, Litchfield County, Connecticut - September 10, 1875 Litchfield, Conn.) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.
He graduated B.A. from Yale College in 1830. He graduated from Litchfield Law School in 1832. He was in private practice of law in New York City from 1832 to 1850. He was a judge on the New York City Court of Common Pleas from 1851 to 1855. He was a justice of the New York Supreme Court from 1855 to 1861. He was in private practice of law in New York City again from 1861 to 1868.
In 1868, he was appointed a judge of the New York Court of Appeals to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of John K. Porter. In 1869 he ran on the Republican ticket to succeed himself, but was defeated by Democrat Robert Earl.
Woodruff was a federal judge of the Second U.S. Circuit Court, nominated by President Ulysses S. Grant on December 8, 1869, to a new seat. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on December 22, 1869, received his commission the same day, and died in office in 1875.